Section: Scientific Foundations
Components and semantics
The primary foundations of the software component technology developed by Sardes relate to the component-based software engineering [92] , and software architecture [90] fields. Nowadays, it is generally recognized that component-based software engineering and software architecture approaches are crucial to the development, deployment, management and maintenance of large, dependable software systems [41] . Several component models and associated architecture description languages have been devised over the past fifteen years: see e.g. [71] for an analysis of recent component models, and [75] , [47] for surveys of architecture description languages.
To natively support configurability and adaptability in systems, Sardes component technology also draws from ideas in reflective languages [66] , and reflective middleware [69] , [45] , [52] . Reflection can be used both to increase the separation of concerns in a system architecture, as pioneered by aspect-oriented programming [67] , and to provide systematic means for modifying a system implementation.
The semantical foundations of component-based and reflective systems are not yet firmly
established, however. Despite much work on formal foundations for component-based systems [72] , [36] ,
several questions remain open. For instance, notions of program equivalence when dealing with
dynamically configurable capabilities, are far from being understood.
To study the formal foundations of component-based technology,
we try to model relevant constructs and capabilities
in a process calculus, that is simple enough to formally analyze and reason about.
This approach has been used successfully for the analysis of concurrency with
the