7.1.1 OpenWSN

• Name:
  OpenWSN
• Keywords:
  Internet of things, 6TiSCH, 6LoWPAN, CoAP
• Functional Description:
  OpenWSN is an open-source implementation of a fully standards-based protocol stack for the Internet of Things. It has become the de-facto implementation of the IEEE802.15.4e TSCH standard, has a vibrant community of academic and industrial users, and is the reference implementation of the work we do in the IETF 6TiSCH standardization working group.
• URL:
  http://­www.­openwsn.­org/
• Contact:
  Thomas Watteyne
• Partner:
  University of California Berkeley

7.1.2 6TiSCH Simulator

• Name:
  High-level simulator of a 6TiSCH network
• Keywords:
  Network simulator, 6TiSCH
• Functional Description:
  The simulator is written in Python. While it doesn't provide a cycle-accurate emulation, it does implement the functional behavior of a node running the full 6TiSCH protocol stack. This includes RPL, 6LoWPAN, CoAP and 6P. The implementation work tracks the progress of the standardization process at the IETF.
• Contact:
  Malisa Vucinic

7.1.3 Argus

• Name:
  Argus
• Keywords:
  Cloud, Low-Power WIreless, Sniffer
• Functional Description:

  There are three piece to the Argus:

  The Argus Probe is the program which attaches to your low-power wireless sniffer and forwards its traffic to the Argus Broker.

  The Argus Broker sits somewhere in the cloud. Based on MQTT, it connect Argus Probes with Argus Clients based on a pub-sub architecture.

  Several Argus Clients can the started at the same time. It is a program which subscribes to the Argus Broker and displays the frames in Wireshark.

• Contact:
  Remy Leone

7.1.4 SolSystem

• Name:
  Sensor Object Library System
• Keywords:
  Low-Power WIreless, Back-End System, SmartMesh IP
• Functional Description:
  The source code is composed of the definition of the SOL structure (https://github.com/realms-team/sol), the code that runs on the manager (https://github.com/realms-team/solmanager, written in Python) and the code that runs on the server receiving the data (https://github.com/realms-team/solserver, written in Python)
• URL:
  http://­www.­solsystem.­io/
• Contact:
  Keoma Brun-Laguna

7.1.5 6TiSCH Wireshark Dissector

• Name:
  6TiSCH Wireshark Dissector
• Keywords:
  6TiSCH, Wireshark
• Functional Description:
  Implementation on the dissectors is done through an open-source repository, stable code is regularly contributed back to the main Wireshark code base.
• Contact:
  Jonathan Muñoz

7.1.6 F-Interop

• Name:
  Remote Conformance and Interoperability Tests for the Internet of Thing
• Keywords:
  Interoperability, Iot, Conformance testing, Standardization
• Contact:
  Remy Leone
• Partners:
  UPMC, IMEC, ETSI, EANTC, Mandat International, Digital Catapult, University of Luxembourg, Device Gateway

7.1.7 Mercator

• Name:
  Mercator
• Keywords:
  Deployment, Low-Power WIreless, Testbeds, Connectivity
• Functional Description:
  The firmware is written as part of the OpenWSN project. Scripts and analysis tools are written in Python.
• Contact:
  Keoma Brun-Laguna

7.1.8 py-edhoc

• Keywords:
  Internet of things, 6TiSCH, EDHOC, Python, Security
• Functional Description:
  EDHOC is an authenticated key exchange protocol targeting constrained environments and Internet of Things use cases. This is a Python implementation of the protocol, adapted for use on microcontrollers.
• URL:
  https://­github.­com/­openwsn-berkeley/­py-edhoc
• Contact:
  Timothy Claeys

7.1.9 EDHOC-C

• Keywords:
  6TiSCH, EDHOC, Security, Internet of things
• Functional Description:
  EDHOC is an authenticated key exchange protocol targeting constrained environments and Internet of Things use cases. This is a C implementation of the protocol, adapted for use on microcontrollers.
• URL:
  http://­github.­com/­openwsn-berkeley/­EDHOC-C
• Contact:
  Timothy Claeys

7.1.10 Atlas

• Name:
  Atlas: DotBot Simulator
• Keywords:
  Network simulator, Robotics, Swarms
• Functional Description:
  Fully Python-based swarm robotics simulator, which can run either standalone or on a cluster.
• URL:
  https://­github.­com/­openwsn-berkeley/­Atlas
• Contact:
  Razane Abu-Aisheh
• Partner:
  Nokia Bell Labs

7.1.11 SOL

• Name:
  Sensor Object Library
• Keyword:
  Iot
• Functional Description:
  A complete framework for managing a SmartMesh IP low-power wireless network.
• URL:
  https://­github.­com/­realms-team/
• Contact:
  Thomas Watteyne
• Partner:
  UC Berkeley

7.1.12 SCuM-Programmer

• Name:
  SCuM-Programmer
• Keyword:
  Internet of things
• Functional Description:
  Python-based software tool which interacts with the nRF52840-DK board
• Contact:
  Filip Maksimovic

7.2.1 Full Prototyping Capabilities

Participants: Said Alavarado Marin, Trifun Savic, Filip Maksimovic.

The team is now fully equipped with all the equipment necessary to assemble a small batch of prototyping Printed Circuit Boards and build small objects, including robots. This has proven to be a fantastically efficient setup to speed up our research, as prototyping isn't a hurdle anymore. Take a looking at this YouTube video for an overview of our setup.

7.2.2 DotBot

Participants: Said Alavarado Marin, Razanne Abu-Aisheh, Filip Maksimovic, Thomas Watteyne.

A lot of the work in the team revolves around small robotics. Large, coordinated “swarms” of small, resource constrained robots have the potential to coordinate to complete complex tasks that single monolithic robots cannot. However, while there is ongoing research, little progress has been made in successfully deploying these swarms in the real world. To help further the field, we propose a research platform called the DotBot, a low-price, versatile laser cut robot that can inexpensively act as an agent in a swarm of robots. Each DotBot has two small motors for mobility, accurate localization using laser lighthouses, and can communicate using off-the-shelf radios in either time-synchronized channel-hopping mesh networks originally designed for reliable transmission in crowded IoT networks, or with BLE so that the robots can be programmed from a cell phone or other Bluetooth-enabled device. We see the DotBot platform as an ideal tool for introducing robotics and embedded programming in education. We target 3 levels. First, in primary school, DotBot serves as a basic introduction to robotics, using simple interaction and remote-control scenarios. In high school, DotBot is used as an introduction to embedded programming, with a focus on the interaction with the real world. Finally, in university, a DotBot swarm is used to introduce the concepts of distributed algorithms, task assignment as well as planning and scheduling.

For more information:

• Homepage DotBot
• YouTube video of the DotBot
• YouTube video of assembling the DotBot
• YouTube video of introducing the DotBot at Cambridge University

7.2.3 Atlas Simulator

Participants: Razanne Abu-Aisheh, Thomas Watteyne.

DotBot is the physical robot. To be able to explore efficient algorithms and networking approaches to coordinate a large number of robots, we have been developing the Atlas simulator, a fully Python-based simulation platform. It simulated both the robots (especially their movement and control) and the communication. With Atlas, we explore the impact communication (in particular latency and reliability) on the effectiveness of swarm orchestration.

8.10.1 Connection-less IoT - Protocol and models

Participants: Iman Hemdoush, Cédric Adjih, Paul Mühlethaler, Kinda Khawam (Université Versailles Saint-Quentin.

The goal is to construct some next-generation access protocols, for the IoT (or alternately for vehicular networks). One starting point are methods from the family of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), where multiple transmissions can "collide" but can still be recovered - with sophisticated multiple access protocols (MAC) that take the physical layer/channel into account. One such example is the family of the Coded Slotted Aloha methods. Another direction is represented by some vehicular communications where vehicles communicate directly with each other without necessarily going through the infrastructure. This is also true more generally in any wireless network where the control is relaxed (such as in unlicensed IoT networks like LoRa). One observation is that in such distributed scenarios, explicit or implicit forms of signaling (with sensing, messaging, etc.), can be used for designing sophisticated protocols - including using machine learning techniques.

Many technological enhancements are being developed world wide to enable the "Internet of Things" (IoT). IoT networks reliability and low latency. To mend that shortcoming, it is paramount to adapt existing random access methods for the IoT setting. In this work we shed light on one of the modern candidates for random access protocols fitted for IoT: the "Irregular Repetition Slotted ALOHA" (IRSA). As self-managing solutions are needed to overcome the challenges of IoT, we study the IRSA random access scheme in a distributed setting where groups of users, with fixed traffic loads, are competing for ALOHA-type channel access. To that aim, we adopt a distributed game-theoretic approach where two classes of IoT devices learn autonomously their optimal IRSA protocol parameters to optimize selfishly their own effective throughput. Through extensive simulations, we assess the notable efficiency of the game based distributed approach. We also show that our IRSA game attains the Nash equilibrium (NE) via the "better reply" strategy and we quantify the price of anarchy in comparison with a centralized approach. Our results imply that user competition does not fundamentally impact the performance of the IRSA protocol.

We have studied one of the modern random access protocols, Irregular Repetition Slotted Aloha (IRSA). We have addressed the IRSA access scheme in a distributed fashion where users are grouped in competing classes, with users of the same class sharing the same degree distribution. The distributed approach is modeled as a non-cooperative game where the classes autonomously and selfishly set their degree probabilities to improve their own throughput. We gave proof for the existence of the Nash Equilibria and how to attain them. This proof is based on the Debreu-Fan-Glicksberg theorem. We provided extensive numerical results that assess the notable improvement brought by the devised approaches and the small discrepancy of the distributed game-based approach in comparison with a centralized class-based IRSA approach.

8.10.2 Security in NDNs

Participants: Abdelak Hidouri (University of Gabes), Nasreddine Hajlaoui (University of Gabes), Haifa Touati (University of Gabes), Mohamed Hadded (Vedecom), Paul Mühlethaler.

Cache Pollution Attacks in the NDN Architecture: Impact and Analysis

Content caching is an essential component in NDN: content is cached in routers and used for future requests in order to reduce bandwidth consumption and improve data delivery speed. Moreover, NDN introduces new self-certifying contents features that obviously improve data security and make NDN a secured-by-design architecture able to support an efficient and secure content distribution at a global scale. However, basic NDN security mechanisms, such as signatures and encryption, are not sufficient to ensure security in these networks. Indeed, the availability of the Data in several caches in the network allows malicious nodes to perform attacks that are relatively easy to implement and very effective. Such attacks include Cache Pollution Attacks (CPA), Cache Privacy Attacks, Content Poisoning Attacks and Interest Flooding Attacks. In this study 23 we have identified the different attack models that can disrupt the NDN operation. We have conducted several simulations on NDNSim to assess the impact of the Cache Pollution Attack on the performance of a Named Data Network. More precisely, we implemented different attack scenarios and analyzed their impact in terms of cache hit ratio, data retrieval delay and hit damage ratio.

We have studied CPA impact on NDN through ndnSim simulations. Using different scenarios in simple as well as complex and realistic topologies, we have shown the impact of a CPA on the caching efficiency. More specifically, our results reveal that a CPA decreases the Cache Hit Ratio (CHR) to almost 0% in several scenarios and increases the Average Retrieval Delay (ARD) to around 20% compared to its normal state, while the Hit Damage Ratio (HDR) reaches 0.6, which confirms the highly negative impact of this form of attack. In future work, we intend to exploit the results of this investigation to design a solution for detecting and mitigating the Cache Pollution Attack. In particular, we will develop an intelligent mechanism that computes the illegibility of each cached data packet and uses this parameter to improve the caching policy.

8.11.1 Combining Radio Technology and Visible Light Communication

Participants: Fouzi Boukhalfa, Mohamed Hadded ( Vedecom ), Paul Mühlethaler, Oyunchimeg Shagdar ( Vedecom ).

Evaluation of a new Radio Technology and Visible Light Communication for a Platooning Application

The autonomous platoon is today one of the key tools for better road utilization. In fact, by optimizing the distance between vehicles, the air drag is reduced, and researchers have shown that 20From a network point of view, reducing the distance between vehicles will allow a new point-to-point communication link between the vehicles in front and behind by using Vehicular Visible Light Communication (V-VLC), thus providing an opportunity to have a hybrid communication. Our new radio design based on the AS-DTMAC protocol guarantees a high Quality of Service for real-time applications. However, with a very high density, we can reach the bandwidth dedicated to V2X radio. In the case of a platoon, this scenario can cause dangerous platoon instability. Assisting the radio with another communication vector such as V-VLC can help to maintain the high level of reliability that is necessary for the control of a platoon. We first carry out an analytical analysis to investigate the capacity of our new radio technology to support the platoon control use case in terms of the quality of service (QoS) required for this type of application. Secondly, we show through extensive simulations the current level of VVLC technology, compared to radio technology, in terms of packet loss and delay

In this work 22, we have showed the ability of our radio technology, based on AS-DTMAC, to respond to the QoS requirements of the platooning application. We have conducted largescale platoon simulations based on the Veins-vlc framework, which uses a realistic V-VLC model. We also have presented the state-of-the-art of V-VLC and showed the lack of maturity of this technology compared to RF. However, V-VLC is still an excellent assistant technology in the platoon use case. By highlighting the limitations of this technology, we will challenge them in the future in order to achieve the full capacity of this technology in terms of data rate, latency and inter vehicular distance. Finally, we have compared the performance of RF and V-VLC in the platooning scenario in terms of PDR and delay. In future work, we will focus on integrating RF and VLC communication in a heterogeneous network in order to keep the reliability as high as possible. We plan to propose a smart switching protocol at the handover level to choose the best communication technology depending on the mobility scenario. This protocol will use a dynamic threshold and make decisions based on a vehicular realtime system such as the Channel Busy Ratio (CBR), which gives information about the radio channel quality, but also on V2X by exploiting the information obtained from CAMs to estimate the network load. Thus, the protocol will be able to propose a redundant mode based on the use of RF and V-VLC together in the case when the network load is low.

September 29 2021, Fouzi Boukhalfa defended his PhD: "Low Latency Radio and Visible Light Communication For Autonomous Driving" at Inria - Paris, 28.

8.11.2 Security in VANETs

Participants: Tayssir Ismail (University of Gabes), Mohamed Hadded (Vedecom), Paul Mühlethaler, Nasreddine Hajlaoui (University of Gabes), Haifa Touati (University of Gabes).

Impact Analysis of Greedy Behavior Attacks in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs), while promising new approaches to improving road safety, must be protected from a variety of threats. Greedy behavior attacks at the level of the Medium Access (MAC) Layer can have devastating effects on the performance of a VANET. This kind of attack has been extensively studied in contention-based MAC protocols. Hence, in this work, we focus on studying the impact of such an attack on a contention-free MAC protocol called Distributed TDMA-based MAC Protocol DTMAC. We identify new vulnerabilities related to the MAC slot scheduling process that can affect the slot reservation process on the DTMAC protocol and we use simulations to evaluate their impact on network performance. Exploitation of these vulnerabilities would result in a severe waste of channel capacity where up to a third of the free slots could not be reserved in the presence of an attacker. Moreover, multiple attackers could cripple the channel and none could acquire a time slot.

In this work 24 , we focus on the greedy behavior attack on the DTMAC protocol. Based on the characteristics of such an attack and the protocol itself, we identify undocumented greedy behavior that can disrupt the slot reservation process in DTMAC and then evaluate its impact by means of simulation. The slot scheduling vulnerability was exploited through two newly identified attacks: the neighbor reservation cancellation attack and the multi-access attack. The former was tested under two scenarios: the first with a single attacker in the network, while varying the percentage of affected neighbors, and the second with multiple attackers in the network. The results reveal that when the number of attacked neighbors increases, about 30which means that a third of the channel capacity is wasted. The multiple attacker scenario shows that the network can be paralyzed and no vehicle can acquire a free slot. 8 is the average number of attackers that would need to be present to successfully carry out this task. The multi-access attack reveals that 50% of the free slots are wasted and unreserved if a greedy attacker forces its ID into all the free slots in its neighborhood. Another metric, the access collision ratio, is evaluated in this scenario, showing how the number of collisions increases in the presence of an attacker. In future work, we will exploit the results of this investigation to develop a solution for detecting and preventing greedy behavior attacks that threaten the DTMAC protocol, focusing mainly on the new attacks identified at the MAC level.

8.11.3 Multihop routing in VANETs

Participants: Abir Rebei (University of Gabes), Fouzi Boukhalfa (Vedecom), Haifa Touati (University of Gabes), Mohamed Hadded (Vedecom), Paul Mühlethaler.

An Efficient Cross-Layer Design for Multi-hop Broadcast of Emergency Warning Messages in Vehicular Networks

The main objective of Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is to make road transportation systems more intelligent in order to anticipate and avoid dangerous, potentially life-threatening situations. Due to its promising safety applications, this type of network has attracted a lot of attention in the research community. The dissemination of warning messages, such as DENMs (Decentralized Environmental Notification Messages), requires an efficient and robust routing protocol. In previous studies, the active signaling mechanism has shown its ability to prevent collisions between users trying to allocate the same resource. In this work 25, we propose an original message forwarding strategy based on the active signaling mechanism. Our proposal disseminates warning messages from a source vehicle to the rest of the network while minimizing the access delay and the number of relay nodes. For this purpose, a special time slot is dedicated to forwarding emergency warning messages. To avoid access collisions on this slot, the active signaling scheme we propose favours the selection of the furthest node as the forwarder. We carry out a number of simulations and comparisons to evaluate the performances of the scheme.

We have proposed to enhance DTMAC protocol by integrating active signaling. The simulation results show that AS-DTMAC drastically reduces the access collision rate and allocates slots to all the vehicles in the network in half the time it takes DTMAC to do so. We also presented a use case in the V2V for urgent and high priority traffic message like DENM, that can help to avoid an accident, all these new features are very important for the future technology described in the beginning of this paper. As future work, we will do additional simulations to compare with the standard used in V2V (IEEE 802.11p) and we plan to develop an analytical model for AS-DTMAC as well as to investigate further advanced access features that could be provided using the active signaling scheme.

8.11.4 Vehicle collection in VANETs

Participants: Mohamed Hadded (Vedecom), Jean-Marc Lasgouttes, Pascale Minet.

A game theory-based route planning approach for automated vehicle collection Multihop routing in VANETs

We consider a shared transportation system in an urban environment where human drivers collect vehicles that are no longer being used. Each driver, also called a platoon leader, is in charge of driving collected vehicles as a platoon to bring them back to some given location (e.g. an airport, a railway station). Platoon allocation and route planning for picking up and returning automated vehicles is one of the major issues of shared transportation systems that need to be addressed. In this paper, we propose a coalition game approach to compute 1) the allocation of unused vehicles to a minimal number of platoons, 2) the optimized tour of each platoon and 3) the minimum energy consumed to collect all these vehicles. In this coalition game, the players are the parked vehicles, and the coalitions are the platoons that are formed. This game, where each player joins the coalition that maximizes its payoff, converges to a stable solution. The quality of the solution obtained is evaluated with regard to three optimization criteria and its complexity is measured by the computation time required. Simulation experiments are carried out in various configurations. They show that this approach is very efficient to solve the multi-objective optimization problem considered, since it provides the optimal number of platoons in less than a second for 300 vehicles to be collected, and considerably outperforms other well-known optimization approaches like MOPSO (Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization) and NSGA-II (Non dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm).

We have defined the PROPAV problem as a coalition game, where the players are the electric automated vehicles to be picked up and returned to the rental station 10 . The three optimization criteria are 1) the number of platoons, which is minimized, 2) the tour duration of each platoon leader, which is minimized and 3) the total energy consumed is also minimized. Multiple constraints are taken into account such as the maximum number of vehicles per platoon, and the residual energy of each vehicle in the platoon. The coalition game very quickly converges to a set of coalitions, where each coalition is a platoon driven by a platoon leader. Simulation results obtained for various configurations where the number of vehicles to pick up ranges from 10 to 300 show that game theory always provides the best quality solution in terms of the three optimization criteria. The coalition game always provides the optimal number of platoons, which results in 20fewer platoons than MOPSO and 13of 300 vehicles to collect. Furthermore, the complexity of the coalition game evaluated by both the computation time and the number of switches is much smaller than that of MOPSO and NSGA-II. The computation time remains below 1 s for all tested cases, whereas the other methods require several minutes. This difference is crucial in an operational setting. To build upon this study, three further aspects could be taken into consideration in future work. First, we can extend the optimization approach based on this coalition game so as to take into account multiple rental stations. One strategy would be to assign an additional unknown to each unused vehicle, that is 21 the rental station to which it should be brought. Alternatively, only the number of vehicles to return to each rental station can be specified. This second solution is probably the most suited for a carsharing system. However, it would only make sense when coupled with an algorithm that decides what stations should be refilled to match demand. Second, additional objectives or constraints can be considered in the PROPAV problem to better reflect real-world conditions. For example, signalized intersections can cause platoon dispersion and the separation of some vehicles from the platoon to which they belong. Hence, the number of road crossings in the platoons’ tour should be kept as low as possible. Finally, in the long term, all the problems that are well suited to this coalition game should be characterized.

8.11.5 Forecasting accidents in VANETs

Participants: Mamoudou Sangare, Sharut Gupta, Soumya Banerjee, Paul Muhlethaler, Samia Bouzefrane.

Exploring the forecasting approach for road accidents

The study of 2020 on Exploring the forecasting approach for road accidents: Analytical measures with hybrid machine learning has been published in 15

10.1.1 Associate Teams in the framework of an Inria International Lab or in the framework of an Inria International Program

10.1.2 STIC-AmSud projects

10.1.3 Participation in other International Programs

• EVA and the Pister team at UC Berkeley awarded an award from the France-Berkeley-Fund for project “M3 Marvelous Micro-Motes” (2020-2022)
• Jose Astorga came to EVA for an internship on “UWB and AoA Hands-on Survey and Benchmarking” as part of an internship program coordinated by Inria Chile (Sep-Nov 2021).
• Alfonso Cortes came to EVA for an internship on “Multi-Gateway IoT Network Architectures: Hands-on Benchmarking” as part of an internship program coordinated by Inria Chile (Sep-Nov 2021).

10.2.1 Visits of international scientists

10.3.1 FP7 & H2020 projects

• H2020 SPARTA is a European excellence network in cybersecurity. The team's activities related to the standardization in IETF LAKE and IETF ACE are fed as inputs to SPARTA.
• TETRAMAX TTX proposal “TSCH-GW”, an open-call of H2020 project TETRAMAX for period 1-Sep-2020 - 31-Aug-2021.

10.4.1 Inria Project Labs, Exploratory Research Actions and Technological Development Actions

• AEx SDMote, 2021-2024. The goal of the SDMote project is to develop a software-reconfigurable wireless hardware platform, consisting of a low-power FPGA running a RISC-V soft core and a wide-band wireless transceiver. This entire battery-powered embedded platform is open-source. SDMote is the next-generation IoT hardware that empowers the research community to design custom digital peripherals and radio configurations, giving it the ultimate flexibility to address applications that cannot be addressed with today's off-the-shelf motes. Filip Maksimovicis lead.
• RIOT-fp IPL, 2019-2022. RIOT-fp is an Inria Project Lab on cyber-security targeting low-end, microcontroller-based IoT devices, which run operating systems such as RIOT and a low-power network stack such as OpenWSN. Mališa Vučinić is lead.
• ATT FrostForecast, 2020-2021. Deploy a frost forecast system in orchards in Chile, with Inria Chile. Said Alvarado is lead.

10.4.2 ANR

• The GeoBot FUI project (homepage) is one of the most innovative, challenging and fun projects around wireless localization in the world today. It applies true innovation to a real-world problem, with a clear target application (and customer) in mind. The GeoBot partners are building a small robot (think of a matchbox-sized RC car) that will be inserted into a gas pipe, and move around it to map the location of the different underground pipes. Such mapping is necessary to prevent gas-related accidents, for example during construction. At the end of the project, this solution will be commercialized and used to map the network of gas pipe in France, before being used in worldwide. Each partner is in charge of a different aspect of the problem: robotics, analysis of the inertial data, visualization, etc. Inria is in charge of the wireless part. We will be equipping the robot with a wireless chip(set) in order to (1) communicate with the robot as it moves about in the pipes while standing on the surface, and (2) discover the relative location of the robot w.r.t. a person on the surface. Inria is evaluating different wireless technologies, benchmarking around ranging accuracy and capabilities to communicate. We start from off-the-shelf kits from different vendors and build a custom board, benchmark it, and integrate it with the other partners of the project.

10.4.3 Other collaborations

• EVA part of the “5G Events Labs” collaborative project with CEA, Ericsson and Orange. Part of the “Souveraineté dans les réseaux de télécommunications afin d’accélérer les applications de la 5G aux marchés verticaux” call by BPI France.
• EVA has a collaboration with Orange Labs. Thomas Watteyne supervises the PhD of Mina Rady, which happens under a CIFRE agreement with Orange Labs.
• EVA has a collaboration with Orange Labs. Thomas Watteyne supervises the PhD of Razanne Abu-Aisheh, which happens under a CIFRE agreement with Nokia.
• EVA has a collaboration with Wattson Elements. Thomas Watteyne supervises the PhD of Trifun Savic, which happens under a CIFRE agreement with Wattson Elements.
• EVA has a collaboration with Orange Labs. Thomas Watteyne supervises the PhD of Mina Rady, which happens under a CIFRE agreement with Orange Labs.
• EVA has a collaboration with Vedecom. Paul Muhlethaler supervises Fouzi Boukhalfa's PhD funded by Vedecom. This PhD aims at studying low latency and high reliability vehicle-to-vehicle communication to improve roads safety.

11.1.1 Scientific events: organisation

11.1.2 Invited talks

• Thomas Watteyne talk on “Internet des Objets et Capteurs”, Cercle Entreprise et Sante, Paris, France, 19 January 2022.
• Thomas Watteyne talk on “Industrial Internet of Things”, Cercle Entreprise et Sante, Paris, France, 3 June 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne talk on “the REALMS Associate Team”, Demi heure de la Science, Inria, Paris, France, 11 March 2021.

11.1.3 Leadership within the scientific community

• Mališa Vučinić is co-chair of the IETF LAKE standardization working group.
• Thomas Watteyne is co-chair of the IETF 6TiSCH standardization working group.

11.1.4 Scientific expertise

• Thomas Watteyne is scientific advisor to Wattson Elements.

11.1.5 Research administration

• Thomas Watteyne member of the Inria-Paris “Commission des Usagers de la Rue Barrault” (CURB).
• Thomas Watteyne member of the Inria-Paris “Commission de Développement Technologique”.

11.2.1 Teaching

• Mališa Vučinić teaches a 3-week intensive formation on IoT, NGO Prona, Podgorica, Montenegro, 1-24 December 2021
• Thomas Watteyne teaches a 1-week intensive module on IoT, ESIROI, La Reunion, 25-29 October 2021
• Thomas Watteyne teaches a 1/2-day crash course on the Industrial IoT, Telecom ParisTech. Graduate level. 27 September 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne teaches a 6-week course on IoT, with associated hands-on labs. Undergraduate level. ENSTA ParisTech. Together with Dominique Barthel. Spring 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne gives a guest lecture on “Industrial IoT: Technology, Use Cases, Research Challenges”, as part of the course “Topics in Networks and Distributed Systems” lead by Steven Latre at University of Antwerp, Belgium. 11-Feb-2021.

11.2.2 Supervision

• Paul Muhlethaler co-supervises Iman Hmedoush's PhD on “Connection protocols for the 5G IoT”.
• Paul Muhlethaler supervises Fouzi Boukhalfa's PhD on “Low Latency Radio and Visible Light Communication For Autonomous Driving”.
• Paul Muhlethaler co supervises Mamoudou Sangare's PhD on “Machine learning for VANETs”.
• Paul Muhlethaler co supervises Tayssir Ismail's PhD on “Security for VANETs using TDMA protocols”.
• Paul Muhlethaler and Thomas Watteyne co-supervise Mina Rady's PhD on “Agile Multi-PHY Wireless Networking”, 7 January 2019 – 6 January 2022. Mina succesfully defended his PhD on 9 December 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne supervises Razanne Abu-Aisheh's PhD on “Context-Aware Information Gathering and Processing Towards Supporting Autonomous Systems in Industry 4.0 Scenarios”
• Thomas Watteyne supervises Trifun Savic's PhD on “Localization in Constrained Environments”
• Filip Maksimovic serves as advisor for Alfonso Cortés' research internship during his MsC studies at Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Chile. topic: “Multi-Gateway IoT Network Architectures: Hands-on Benchmarking”. 13-Sep-2021 – 7-Dec-2021.
• Mališa Vučinić serves as advisor for José Astorga Tobar' research internship during his MsC studies at FCFM Universidad de Chile. topic: “UWB and AoA Hands-on Survey and Benchmarking”. 6-Sep-2021 – 30-Nov-2021.
• Filip Maksimovic serves as advisor for Martina Balbi' research internship during her MsC studies at IMT Atlantique. topic: “Building a 1,000 Robot Swarm Testbed”. 1 April 2021 – 31 August 2021.
• Mališa Vučinić serves as advisor for Timothy Claeys' postdoctoral research in the team. topic: “IoT Security”. December 2019 – June 2021.

11.2.3 Juries

• Thomas Watteyne member of the examination board PhD thesis of Jan Bauwens. Doctoral work on “Sustainable and Interoperable MAC Protocol Design for Heterogeneous Internet of Things Systems” done at the University of Ghent, Belgium, under the supervision of Eli De Poorter and Ingrid Moerman. Private defense on 17 November 2020, public defense on 22 September 2021.
• Paul Muhlethaler examiner for Fouzi Boukhalfa's PhD on “Low Latency Radio and Visible Light Communication For Autonomous Driving”, Inria-Paris. Defense on 29 September 2021
• Paul Muhlethaler examiner for Mina Radi's PhD on “Initial Design of a Generalization of the 6TiSCH Standard to Support Multiple PHY Layers” University Paris 6, Paris 9 December 2021.

11.3.1 Articles and contents

• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “A closer look at a joint Inria-Berkeley project: M3 Marvelous Micro-Motes”, Inria Silicon Valley, 21 January 2022.
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Estudiantes chilenos realizan sus pasantías de investigación en Francia”, Inria Chile, 14 January 2022.
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Un écosystème numérique pour un port plus efficace”, BoatIndustry, 5 January 2022.
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Ce robot peut aider les pompiers lors d’un incendie”, Explore Media x Inria, 16 December 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Falco Americas Corp. and the City of Beverly, MA to Deliver NextGen Boating Services at Glover Wharf Marina”, PR Newswire, 17 August 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Incendies de forêt : des capteurs sans fil pour sonner l’alarme au plus vite”. Techniques de L’ingenieur. 16 August 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Supporting the emergence of cleaner energy sources”, Inria.fr, 7 June 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Accompagner l’émergence d’énergies plus propres”, Inria.fr, 7 June 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “BurnMonitor: an Early Wildfire Detection IoT Solution”, Inria Silicon Valley, 4 May 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “5G: Who is it for? What purpose does it serve? When will it be here?” inria.fr, 29 April 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “5G : Pour qui ? Pour quoi ? Et pour quand ?” inria.fr, 29 April 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “BurnMonitor : une solution IoT de détection des feux de forêt”, inria.fr, 23 March 2021
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “BurnMonitor: a Wildfire Early Detection IoT Solution, inria.fr”, 23 March 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Falco: employing cutting-edge sensor technology in sailing”, inria.fr, 11 March 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne contributes to “Falco: l’innovation technologique des capteurs au service de la plaisance”, inria.fr, 11 March 2021.

11.3.2 Education

• Thomas Watteyne talk on “Déployer 1,000 capteurs sur 3 continents”, a presentation to high school students visiting at Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, 24 September 2021.

11.3.3 Interventions

• Paul Muhlethaler has organized a remote seminar DGA / Inria on “Internet des Objets, sécurité”, 20 May 2021.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “Deploy, deploy, deploy” showing the many real-work IoT deployments of the team.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “GeoBot: Underground localization measurement campaign”.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video showing the DotBot 1.4 PCB.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “Parade away, little sensors” showing the Dust Academy sensor suite.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “GeoBot - Un robot pour georeferencer les reseaux souterrains”.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “Control the DotBot using your cellphone!”.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “Meet DotBot, the Dazzling Swarm Robot!!”.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “from sensor to cloud in one week” showing the Dust Academy project at ESIROI, La Reunion.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “cutest robot assembly ever!” showing the DotBot assembly process.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “poENSTA IoT Projects Spring 2021ipoi” showing the Dust Academy project at ENSTA, Paris.
• Thomas Watteyne published YouTube video “impressions of IEEE MRS 2021”.

International journals

• 6 articleA.Amar Abane, P.Paul Mühlethaler and S.Samia Bouzefrane. Modeling and Improving Named Data Networking over IEEE 802.15.4.Annals of Telecommunications - annales des télécommunicationsFebruary 2021
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• 7 articleT.Tengfei Chang, T.Thomas Watteyne, B.Brad Wheeler, F.Filip Maksimovic, D. C.David C Burnett and K.Kris Pister. Surviving the Hair Dryer: Continuous Calibration of a Crystal-Free Mote-on-Chip.IEEE internet of things journalAugust 2021
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• 8 articleT.Timothy Claeys, M.Malisa Vucinic, T.Thomas Watteyne, F.Franck Rousseau and B.Bernard Tourancheau. Performance of the Transport Layer Security Handshake Over 6TiSCH.Sensors216March 2021, 2192
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• 9 articleC.Charles Dumas, L.Lou Salaün, I.Iman Hmedoush, C.Cédric Adjih and C.Chung Shue Chen. Design of Coded Slotted ALOHA with Interference Cancellation Errors.IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology2021
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• 10 articleM.Mohamed Hadded, P.Pascale Minet and J.-M.Jean-Marc Lasgouttes. A game theory‐based route planning approach for automated vehicle collection.Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience3316March 2021, e6246
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• 11 articleI.Iman Hmedoush, C.Cedric Adjih, K.Kinda Khawam and P.Paul Mühlethaler. A Game Theoretic Approach to Irregular Repetition Slotted Aloha.IEEE Access10January 2022, 4600-4614
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• 12 articleC. A.Carlos A Oroza, J. A.Jairo A Giraldo, M.Masood Parvania and T.Thomas Watteyne. Wireless-Sensor Network Topology Optimization in Complex Terrain: A Bayesian Approach.IEEE internet of things journal824December 2021, 17429 - 17435
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• 13 articleM.Mina Rady, Q.Quentin Lampin, D.Dominique Barthel and T.Thomas Watteyne. 6DYN: 6TiSCH with Heterogeneous Slot Durations.Sensors215February 2021
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• 14 articleM.Mina Rady, Q.Quentin Lampin, D.Dominique Barthel and T.Thomas Watteyne. g6TiSCH: Generalized 6TiSCH for Agile Multi-PHY Wireless Networking.IEEE Access9June 2021, 84465-84479
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• 15 articleM.Mamoudou Sangare, S.Sharut Gupta, S.Samia Bouzefrane, S.Soumya Banerjee and P.Paul Mühlethaler. Exploring the forecasting approach for road accidents: Analytical measures with hybrid machine learning.Expert Systems with Applications167April 2021, 113855
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• 16 articleY.Yasuyuki Tanaka, P.Pascale Minet, M.Mališa Vučinić, X.Xavier Vilajosana and T.Thomas Watteyne. YSF: a 6TiSCH Scheduling Function Minimizing Latency of Data Gathering in IIoT.IEEE internet of things journalOctober 2021
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• 17 articleM.Mališa Vučinić, G.Göran Selander, J. P.John Preuß Mattsson and T.Thomas Watteyne. Lightweight Authenticated Key Exchange with EDHOC.ComputerApril 2022
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• 18 articleM.Mališa Vučinić, J.Jonathan Simon, K. S.Kristofer S.J. Pister and M.Michael Richardson. RFC9031: Constrained Join Protocol (CoJP) for 6TiSCH.Internet Engineering Task ForceRFC9031May 2021
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International peer-reviewed conferences

• 19 inproceedingsI.Ibrahim Ayoub, I.Iman Hmedoush, C.Cedric Adjih, K.Kinda Khawam and S.Samer Lahoud. Deep-IRSA: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach to Irregular Repetition Slotted ALOHA.PEMWN 2021 - 10th IFIP International Conference on Performance Evaluation and Modeling in Wireless and Wired NetworksOttawa / Virtual, CanadaIEEENovember 2021, 1-6
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Conferences without proceedings

• 20 inproceedingsR.Razanne Abu-Aisheh, F.Francesco Bronzino, M.Myriana Rifai, L.Lou Salaun and T.Thomas Watteyne. Coordinating a Swarm of Micro-Robots Under Lossy Communication.2nd ACM International Workshop on Nanoscale Computing, Communication, and ApplicationsCoimbra, PortugalACMNovember 2021, 635-641
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• 21 inproceedingsR.Razanne Abu-Aisheh, M.Myriana Rifai, F.Francesco Bronzino and T.Thomas Watteyne. Impact of Connectivity Degradation on Networked Robotic Swarm Cooperation.IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (DCOSS)Pafos, GreeceIEEEJuly 2021, 57-59
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• 22 inproceedingsF.Fouzi Boukhalfa, M.Mohamed Hadded, P.Paul Mühlethaler and O.Oyunchimeg Shagdar. Evaluation of a new Radio Technology and Visible Light Communication for a Platooning Application.ISNCC 2021 - International Symposium on Networks, Computers and CommunicationsDubai, United Arab EmiratesOctober 2021
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• 23 inproceedingsA.Abdelhak Hidouri, M.Mohamed Hadded, N.Nasreddine Hajlaoui, H.Haifa Touati and P.Paul Mühlethaler. Cache Pollution Attacks in the NDN Architecture: Impact and Analysis.SoftCOM 2021 - 29th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer NetworksHvar, CroatiaSeptember 2021
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• 24 inproceedingsT.Tayssir Ismail, H.Haifa Touati, N.Nasreddine Hajlaoui, M.Mohamed Hadded, P.Paul Mühlethaler, S.Samia Bouzefrane and L. A.Leila Azouz Saidane. Impact Analysis of Greedy Behavior Attacks in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks.PEMWN 2021 - 10th International Conference on Performance Evaluation and Modeling in Wired and Wireless NetworksWaterloo, CanadaNovember 2021
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• 25 inproceedingsA.Abir Rebei, F.Fouzi Boukhalfa, H.Haifa Touati, M.Mohamed Hadded and P.Paul Mühlethaler. An Efficient Cross-Layer Design for Multi-hop Broadcast of Emergency Warning Messages in Vehicular Networks.AINA-2021 - 35th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and ApplicationsToronto, CanadaMay 2021
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• 26 inproceedingsY.Yasuyuki Tanaka, P.Pascale Minet, T.Thomas Watteyne and F.Fumio Teraoka. Accelerating 6TiSCH Network Formation.DCOSS 2021 : 17th Annual International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor SystemsVirtual, FranceJuly 2021, 18-24
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• 27 inproceedingsT.Titan Yuan, F.Filip Maksimovic, B.Brad Wheeler, D. C.David C Burnett, L.Lydia Lee, T.Thomas Watteyne and K. S.Kristofer S J Pister. A Temperature-Compensated BLE Beacon and 802.15.4-to-BLE Translator on a Crystal-Free Mote.EuMW - European Microwave Week 2021London, United KingdomApril 2022
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Doctoral dissertations and habilitation theses

• 28 thesisF.Fouzi Boukhalfa. Low Latency Radio and Visible Light Communication For Autonomous Driving.EDITESeptember 2021
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• 29 thesisM.Mina Rady. Agile Multi-PHY Wireless Networking.Sorbonne UniversitéDecember 2021
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Reports & preprints

• 30 reportM.Mina Rady, Q.Quentin Lampin, D.Dominique Barthel and T.Thomas Watteyne. Initial Design of a Generalization of the 6TiSCH Standard to Support Multiple PHY Layers.RR-9392Inria de ParisFebruary 2021, 14
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Other scientific publications

• 31 miscG.Göran Selander, J.John Mattsson, M.Mališa Vučinić, M.Michael Richardson and A.Aurelio Schellenbaum. Lightweight Authorization for Authenticated Key Exchange: IETF Internet Draft.October 2021
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