2023Activity reportProject-TeamCTRL-A

7.1.1 Heptagon

• Keywords:
  Compilers, Synchronous Language, Controller synthesis
• Functional Description:

  Heptagon is an experimental language for the implementation of embedded real-time reactive systems. It is developed inside the Synchronics large-scale initiative, in collaboration with Inria Rhones-Alpes. It is essentially a subset of Lucid Synchrone, without type inference, type polymorphism and higher-order. It is thus a Lustre-like language extended with hierchical automata in a form very close to SCADE 6. The intention for making this new language and compiler is to develop new aggressive optimization techniques for sequential C code and compilation methods for generating parallel code for different platforms. This explains much of the simplifications we have made in order to ease the development of compilation techniques.

  The current version of the compiler includes the following features: - Inclusion of discrete controller synthesis within the compilation: the language is equipped with a behavioral contract mechanisms, where assumptions can be described, as well as an "enforce" property part. The semantics of this latter is that the property should be enforced by controlling the behaviour of the node equipped with the contract. This property will be enforced by an automatically built controller, which will act on free controllable variables given by the programmer. This extension has been named BZR in previous works. - Expression and compilation of array values with modular memory optimization. The language allows the expression and operations on arrays (access, modification, iterators). With the use of location annotations, the programmer can avoid unnecessary array copies.

• URL:
  https://­gitlab.­inria.­fr/­synchrone/­heptagon
• Contact:
  Gwenaël Delaval
• Participants:
  Adrien Guatto, Brice Gelineau, Cédric Pasteur, Eric Rutten, Gwenaël Delaval, Léonard Gérard, Marc Pouzet
• Partners:
  UGA, ENS Paris, Inria, LIG

8.1.1 Models and control for multiple loops

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Eric Rutten.

We work on the general notion of Software Engineering for designing controllers for Self-Adaptive Systems, and particularly the potential contribution of Control Theory to provide for Assurances in Self-Adaptive Software Systems (book chapter 7). We propose to consider feedback control as a behavioural model-based instanciation of the MAPE-K loop in Autonomic Computing (book chapter 10). We consider that complex systems can require multiple loops, motivated by the fact that different sub-problems can require combinations of different decision and control techniques.

One particularly interesting topic is the combination of Control and Machine Learning . In our team we propose to address them by considering their composition (particularly Reinforcement and Neural Networks) with controllers based on Control Theory (particularly deterministic), in order to maintain guarantees on the behaviors of the managed system. As a result we performed a survey of the state of the art in interactions between RL and deterministic control, some of them classic, others less explored 13. This work is done in cooperation with the Spirals team at Inria Lille : Sophie Cerf.

Another case of high potential is to consider the combination of Control and Scheduling. In the context of resource harvesting in HPC (see Section 8.2.3), we start considering the coordination of a controller regulating the injection of best-effort jobs with the OAR scheduler in the RJMS (Resource and Jobs Management System) of CiGri. This topic was presented at JLESC 2023 - 15th Workshop of the Joint Laboratory for Extreme Scale Computing 18, and has been the object of one chapter of the PhD of QuentinGuilloteau 20. (see Section 8.2.2).

This work is done in cooperation with the Spirals team at Inria Lille : Sophie Cerf, the Datamove team at Inria Grenoble : Olivier Richard, and with Gipsa-lab in Grenoble : Bogdan Robu.

8.1.2 Software Architectures for multiple loops

Participants: Eric Rutten.

We study the question of multiple loops coordination also from the point of view of Software Architectures, generalizing from the similarities and recurring patterns appearing in use-cases. In the past we have worked in the framework of software components-based approaches (JSS 1,TSE 3) involving proposals for modularity and hierarchy of autonomic discrete controllers. In another series of works, targeting the self-adaptation of reconfigurable hardware, namely DPR FPGA (TECS 2), we considered the management of a combination of mission-level and computing platform-level objectives (CBSE14 6). In other, more applicative work (ICCAC17 33) related to a rule-based middleware (COORD17, 8) , we proposed a design framework for reliable multiple Autonomic Loops, motivated by the management of different functionalities, at different levels of the system, and/or with different decision models. Part of the ideas emerging from that work was followed upon in the different context of Cyber-Physical Systems and the CPS4EU project, where we explore software architectures for self-adaptative middleware support for IoT and CPS. We proposed the separation of concerns between self-adaptation at the different levels of applications or functionality on the one side, and infrastructure and resources on the other side (ECSA20, HICSS22 9, 34).

Recent developments were performed with application to a use case in smart grids, provided by a cooperation with RTE (see Section 8.2.5) 14 (a journal paper is under submission on this topic).

Further developments of these ideas are ongoing, in relation to the notion of computing within limits, where dynamical changes of the limits are reacted unpon by reconfigurations at both levels of redeployment on the current architecture and of reconfigurztion of the application (e.g. in a degraded mode). This research direction is going to be explored further in the context of different projects :

• the Tasting (see Section 10.2.3), in cooperation with RTE for the applications in smart grid control functions management ;
• the RADYAL project (see Section 10.2.4) where reconfiguration targets both Machine Learning applications (acting on algorithms parameters) and hardware architectures (acting on variables precision) ;
• further, in the Taranis project (see Section 10.2.2), in the context of Cloud and Edge computing systems.

8.1.3 Discrete Control and reactive languages

Participants: Gwenaël Delaval, Jolahn Vaudey, Stéphane Mocanu, Eric Rutten.

Our work in reactive programming for autonomic computing systems is focused on the specification and compilation of declarative control objectives, under the form of contracts, enforced upon classical mode automata as defined in synchronous languages. The compilation involves a phase of Discrete Controller Synthesis, integrating the tool ReaX, in order to obtain an imperative executable code. The programming language Heptagon / BZR (see Section 7.1.1 ) integrates our research results 5.

Recent work concerns a methodology for the evaluation of controllers. We are considering that Discrete Controller Synthesis produces results that are correct by construction w.r.t. the formal specification, but in practice there remains to evaluate the obtained controller quantitatively, to check e.g., whether it is not overconstrained, and effectively producing the expected impact on the overall system behavior. We consider our work on self-protection (see Section 8.3.2) as a use case, evaluating the improvement of resilience of a system in the presence of attacks.

We used Heptagon/BZR as a simulation tool, to compare a program embedding a synthesized controller, with a similar program either without controller, or with a simple controller programmed manually, without use of discrete controller synthesis. The environment (alarms from an intrusion detection system) has been modeled also in Heptagon/BZR as a Markov chain, that can be simulated with an ad hoc Heptagon library. We then measure several values for each program version: average number of steps before the system get to a “safe” state (state where one remote processing unit do not work anymore because of the attacks), evolution in time of the average number of “programs” in “safe” mode. This evaluation by simulation confirm that the program with the synthesized controller is more efficient w.r.t. these measurements. In some specific cases, we are also able to compare the values obtained by simulation, with theoretical optimal values computed from the Markov chain of the environment. A journal paper is under submission on this topic.

8.2.1 Sustaining performance while reducing energy consumption with a Control Theory Approach

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Jonathan Bleuzen, Kouds Halitim, Eric Rutten.

We explore a form of trade-off between performance and resource and energy consumption, with the aim to sustain performance while reducing energy consumption with a Control Theory approach. The infrastructure is considered at a level close to the hardware, in that we use the RAPL (Running Average Power Limit) mechanism available in Intel processors. We exploit heterogeneity as an opportunity: as applications dynamically undergo variations in workload, due to phases or data/compute movement between devices, one can dynamically adjust power across compute elements to save energy without impacting performance. With an aim toward an autonomous and dynamic power management strategy for current and future HPC architectures, we explore the use of control theory for the design of a dynamic power regulation method, periodically monitoring application progress and choosing at runtime a suitable power cap for processors. Thanks to a preliminary offline identification process, we derive a model of the dynamics of the system and a proportional-integral (PI) controller. We evaluate our approach on top of an existing resource management framework, the Argo Node Resource Manager, deployed on several clusters of Grid’5000, using a standard memory-bound HPC benchmark.

Building upon a methodology and first results (EuroPar21 4), we improved the robustness and reusability of controllers by leveraging adaptive control . New results consist of an approach that incorporates cascaded control strategies, such as PI control and MPC (Model Predictive Control), integrated into the Argo Node Resource Manager framework 25.

A journal paper is under finalization on these topics.

Amongst perspectives, we are considering to use it as a background in our starting research in the WP5 of challenge Inria-Qarnot Computing "PULSE" (see Section 9.1).

This work is done in cooperation with the Spirals team at Inria Lille : Sophie Cerf, with whom we co-advised the MSc internship of Kouds Halitim in the Spirals team at Inria Lille 25.

This work is also done in cooperation with Swann Perarnau (Argonne National Lab., Chicago, IL) in the framework of the JLESC : Joint Laboratory on Extreme Scale Computing (see Section 10.1.1 ).

8.2.2 RJMS-level dynamical resource harvesting in HPC clusters

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Jonathan Bleuzen, Quentin Guilloteau, Rosa Pagano, Bogdan Robu, Eric Rutten.

This resource harvesting problem is found in the context of CiGri, a simple, lightweight, scalable and fault tolerant grid system which exploits the unused resources of a set of computing clusters. CiGri harvests and exploits the unused resources of a set of computing clusters, by injecting best-effort jobs on top of the prioritary applications. We consider autonomic administration for scientific workflows management through a control theoretical approach for maximizing usage while avoiding overload.

We propose a model described by parameters related to the key aspects of the infrastructure thus achieving a deterministic dynamical representation that covers the diverse and time-varying behaviors of the real computing system. We studied simple forms of PI control, as well as adaptive control and an extension with model free control. We first considered essentially the performance of harvesting itself, then integrated the problem of Distributed File Server load, that can heavily disturb prioritary applications. This approach was also the topic of the Master's thesis in Control Theory of Rosa Pagano 23. We performed a comparative study with regard to the reusability of controllers when deployed on varying target platforms, or subjected to varying load patterns. A journal paper is under submission on this topic.

Another result of this activity is the design and implementation of a tutorial on Control for Computing, targeted at an audience of Computer Scientists with no background in Control Theory (which is the general case), and made available online : tutorial. This tutorial has been proposed to the public at several occasions : sessions.

We put an emphasis on reproducibility of experiments, for which new methodologicalresults have been obtained (COMPAS23 17), as well as on frugality with the reduction of the cost of these experiments, with results in Simulating a Multi-Layered Grid Middleware 22, and Folding a Cluster containing a Distributed File-System 21.

This work is the object of the PhD of Quentin Guilloteau 20.

This work is done in cooperation with the Datamove team of Inria/LIG (O. Richard), and Gipsa-lab (B. Robu), and it is the topic of the PhD thesis in Computer Science of Quentin Guilloteau. This work is also done in cooperation with the Spirals team at Inria Lille : Sophie Cerf.

8.2.3 Combining Scheduling and Autonomic Computing for Parallel Computing Resource Management

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Lilian Gardon, Quentin Guilloteau, Bogdan Robu, Eric Rutten.

This research topic aims at studying the relationships between scheduling and autonomic computing techniques to manage resources for parallel computing platforms. The performance of such platforms has greatly improved (149 petaflops as of November 2019 32) at the cost of a greater complexity: the platforms now contain several millions of computing units. While these computation units are diverse, one has to consider other constraints such as the amount of free memory, the available bandwidth, or the energetic envelope. The variety of resources to manage builds complexity up on its own. For example, the performance of the platforms depends on the sequencing of the operations, the structure (or lack thereof) of the processed data, or the combination of application running simultaneously.

Scheduling techniques offer great tools to study/guaranty performances of the platforms, but they often rely on complex modeling of the platforms. They furthermore face scaling difficulties to match the complexity of new platforms. Autonomic computing manages the platform during runtime (on-line) in order to respond to the variability. This approach is structured around the concept of feedback loops. The scheduling community has studied techniques relying on autonomic notions, but it has failed to link the notions up.

We are starting to address this topic at the general level of a state of the art of relations between the two domains, and also at the more concrete and specific level of a real-world use-case, in the context of CiGri as above. Indeed this context features a RJMS (Resources and Jobs Management System) involving the OAR scheduler. Therefore we are identifying coordination with the previously described controller and OAR, in particular in such way that OAR is able to notify the controller of upcoming rises or falls of activity in prioritary tasks, and we are exploring how this information can be exploited by the controller, by adopting for example a Feed Forward approach.

This work is done in cooperation with the Datamove team of Inria/LIG (O. Richard), and Gipsa-lab (B. Robu), and it is in the topic of the PhD thesis in Computer Science of Quentin Guilloteau 20.

Amongst perspectives of this topic, we are considering to use it as a background in our starting research in the WP6 of defi Inria-Qarnot Computing "PULSE" (see Section 9.1).

8.2.4 Self-adaptive Control of Fog/Edge-based Services using Constraint Solving

Participants: Ghada Moualla, Eric Rutten.

The Fog/Edge computing model has become a popular approach for supporting user services, namely IoT applications. However, automated resource provisioning is needed to cope with workload changes on the fly while meeting service-level agreements. Autonomous computing offers a self-management approach that reduces system complexity and facilitates intuitive service delivery for operators and users. In this topic, we propose an elastic infrastructure solution that leverages adaptive features to handle changing service conditions, such as workload spikes to prevent performance degradation. Our solution integrates a CPLEX-optimized constraint-based model into an autonomous control loop to react to environmental changes and improve the efficiency and agility of the system. We are currently studying the integration to constraints models of dynamical aspect, so that speed or acceleration of variations in the system can be taken into account in the reaction.

A perspective of this topic is to use it as a background in our starting research in the Tasting project of PEPR TASE (see Section 10.2.3).

8.2.5 Self-adaptive support for Could-Edge Cyber-physical Systems : Smart Grids Use Case

Participants: Stéphane Mocanu, Eric Rutten.

In this work we consider self-adaptation at the level of Software Architectures, targeted at the domain of Cyber-Physical Systems where Cloud-Edge infrastructures are being adopted in application domains like Smart Grids. This activity took place in the framework of the H2020 project CPS4EU.

As an applicative use-case of our Software Architectures approach from Section 8.1.2, we consider Smart Grid management (HICSS'22 34). We consider self-adaptive security in such Cloud-Edge infrastructures-based CPS. Security risk assessment is an important challenge in the design of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS). Even more importantly, the intrinsically dynamical nature of these systems, due to changes in their environment, as well as evolutions in their infrastructures, makes them self-adaptive systems, where security aspects have to be considered in terms of management of detections and reactions for self-protection. In this work, we propose an approach to autonomously mitigate the threats in each reconfiguration at application or infrastructure levels of CPS. We propose and implement a framework for self-adaptive security : software architecture, design method, and integration with model-based decision. We use Attack-Defense Trees for modeling threats, and our approach involves security risk assessment, taking into account its balancing and coordination with quality of service aspects. We formulate and formalize the on-line decision problem to be solved at each cycle of the self- adaptation control loop in terms of Constraint Programming (CP) modeling and resolution. The CP model implements a set of constraints that allow to specify secure configurations, evaluated regarding their impact on system performance to pinpoint the most relevant one portraying a good balance between the security and quality of service. We perform validation of our approach with its application to Smart Grids, more particularly to an industrial case study from RTE. A journal paper is under submission on this topic.

At a different level, we consider another use-case from RTE, focused on the substation level, under the angle of questions of resilience, seen under the approach of self-adaptation, and more particularly as self-protection in response to attacks of the network. The problem is to allocate and reallocate dynamically a set of control functions upon a distributed computing infrastructure, with self-adaptation to variations and perturbations. We define and implement the decision model using constraint programming, to describe the space of possible configurations, as well as the constraints and objectives formalizing the operators strategies. This model is used in simulation and implementation, calling the constraints solver at each cycle of the self-adaptation control loop. It offers design assistance and rapid prototyping to automation designers, to explore choices of solutions in requirements and strategies 14.

A perspective of this topic is to use it as a background in our starting research in the Tasting project of PEPR TASE (see Section 10.2.3), also in coopération with RTE.

This work is done in cooperation with RTE (the French Energy Transportion company) : Guillaume Giraud.

8.3.1 Intrusion detection in industrial control systems

Participants: Mike Da Silva, Estelle/Maréva Hotellier, Lea Astrid Kenmogne Mekemte, Stéphane Mocanu.

First results on process oriented sequential attacks detection were obtained during Oualid Koucham’s PhD and published recently in 28 together with a general alert correlation framework.

A complete intrusion detection and alert correlation framework was proposed and process oriented IDS and correlator were synthesised, implemented and available in open-source on-line (see Section 7.2 and G-ICS). Smart-grid applications on intrusion detection and impact on dependability were presented in 29.

We further develop the results for distributed and hierarchical systems in the PhD thesis of Estelle Hotellier. Some first results on the attacks on industrial speed driver controlled via CanOpen were presented in August 2021 in the local Barbhack Hacking conference.

We recently extended Zeek IDS detection capabilities to CAN networks and the code will soon be freely available.

A first version was presented in 19 ; a full version appears in 12.

8.3.2 Resilience and reaction in Industrial Control Systems

Participants: Gwenaël Delaval, Stéphane Mocanu, Eric Rutten, Jolahn Vaudey.

As consequences of attacks on Industrial Control Systems may be dramatic, an important topic in ICS cybersecurity is the improvement of cyber-resilience. Reaction in case of attacks is also a crucial and sensitive topic. Our approach for both resilience and reaction problems is based on the notion of self-protection, where self-adaptation takes the form of self-reconfiguration of the architecture. Based on a first approach developed in the PhD of Kabir-Querrec, and experience on modelling reconfiguration with DES, we formalized recently the self-protection problems as a DES control problems. A model and a formulation of the reconfiguration problem was specified in Heptagon/BZR (IFAC World 2020 conference 24).

We are currently working on a method to evaluate the effectiveness of the obtained controllers related to section 8.1.3.

This is the topic of the PhD thesis in Computer Science of Jolahn Vaudey.

8.3.3 Automated risk analysis, and Embedded program verification

Participants: Nelson Nkawa, Mike Da Silva, Stéphane Mocanu.

One of our research topics is in automated risk analysis, with the specification of a DSML dedicated to the automated analysis of the security of industrial control systems based on their safety properties. The idea is to extract the devices characteristic and the flow cartography from the configuration files and enrich the model with the description of the network infrastructure and available security measures.

Based on public vulnerability databases, a STRIDE threat model will be automatically constructed and a list of suggested measures proposed. An incipient proof of concept of automatic flow cartography based on configuration files was proposed in the PhD of Maëlle Kabir-Querrec.

Results on extending STRIDE modelling to ICS and automatic generation of attack scenarios where published in 16, 15.

Naval Group

Participants: Estelle Hotellier, Stéphane Mocanu.

We have a cooperation with Naval Group, around the PhD grant of Estelle Hotellier, on the topic of intrusion detection in complex Industrial Control Systems (ICSs), as described in Section 8.3.1. We are interested in Process-Aware attacks i.e. attacks that target the physical integrity of systems. We consider the hybrid nature of ICSs and our methodology applies for event-driven and continuous dynamical systems. We aim at developing a behavioral network traffic Intrusion Detection System (IDS) based on the ICS characterization through security properties. To do so, we extract system safety properties from standards, devices programs or system specifications and synthesize them into security patterns. These patterns are then monitored by our IDS which is in charge of raising alerts.

CEA

Participants: Mike da Silva, Stéphane Mocanu.

We have a cooperation with CEA, around the PhD grant of Mike da Silva, as described in Section 8.3.3. This PhD topic objective is to provide an automatic vulnerability extraction from a security oriented ICS architecture model. Existing modeling languages (SCL for substation and AutomationML for industrial automation) provide support for controller hardware and network accessible data description but not for complete data flow and network infrastructure description nor for vulnerabilities and their effects. We extend existing languages with support for network infrastructure modeling including security controls and data flow description together with a vulnerability data-base support. We will rely on public CVE data bases and an extensive study of industrial protocols formal verification including support for high-availability networks. The results of the automatic architecture model processing is used for threat modeling, attack scenario construction, attack impact assessment and eventually security controls choice assistance.

Qarnot computing

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Kouds Halitim, Bogdan Robu, Eric Rutten.

We have a cooperation with Qarnot computing in the framework of the Inria challenge PULSE, with the support of Ademe, on the topic of pushing carbon-neutral services towards the edge. Particularly, we are involved in WP5 on the Control of emissions of intensive computation tasks, and WP6, which we are coordinating, on the efficient hybridation of heterogeneous computing tasks.

RTE

Participants: Stéphane Mocanu, Eric Rutten.

We have a cooperation with RTE (the French Energy Transportion company) : Guillaume Giraud, following our recent work in the H2020 CPS4EU project. It is continuing in the new project Tasting (Section 10.2.3) of the PEPR TASE.

10.1.1 Participation in other International Programs

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Eric Rutten.

We participate in the JLESC, Joint Laboratory for Extreme Scale Computing, with partners INRIA, the University of Illinois, Argonne National Laboratory, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Jülich Supercom- puting Centre and RIKEN AICS. We started a cooperation with Argonne National Labs, in the framework of a project on improving the performance and energy efficiency of HPC applications using autonomic computing techniques (see Section 8.2.1).

This work is done in cooperation with the Spirals team at Inria Lille : Sophie Cerf.

10.2.1 PEPR Cybersecurity, project SuperviZ

Participants: Nelson Nkawa, Stéphane Mocanu, Eric Rutten.

We participate in the PEPR Cybersecurity research project SuperviZ.

Stéphane Mocanu is the leader of the Platform workpackage of SuperviZ.

10.2.2 PEPR Cloud, project Taranis

Participants: Raphaël Bleuse, Eric Rutten.

In the framework of the PEPR Cloud, Ctrl-A is participating in the project Taranis (Model, Deploy, Orchestrate, and Optimize Cloud Applications and Infrastructure), particularly in WP 3 : Orchestration of services and ressources.

We will cooperate with teams Spirals at Inria Lille and Stack at Inria in Nantes, on topics amongst : integration of Control and Constraints, and of Control and Scheduling, as model and decision tools in autonomic managers, integration of temporal aspects in reconfiguration management.

10.2.3 PEPR TASE, project Tasting

Participants: Stéphane Mocanu, Eric Rutten.

In the framework of the PEPR TASE (Technologies Avancées des Systèmes Énergétiques), Ctrl-A is participating in the project Tasting (TrAnsformation of the energy SysTem for a better resilience and flexibility with enhanced digitalization), particularly in :

• WP1 : Infrastructure reliability and security with a post-doc position on : specification of the distributed architecture and reconfiguration strategy for the communication and control infrastructure
• WP2 : Distributed architectures of cyber-physical systems with a post-doc position on : methods for attacks detection by events correlation between network traffic observations and logs from control equipment
• WP3 : Ease deployment on hardware with post-doc positions on :
  • model-based control (constraints solving) of self-adaptive deployment of distributed applications on the Cloud-Edge infrastructures
  • reactive infrastructures for rapid protection in case of process perturbation

10.2.4 ANR RADYAL

Participants: Bogdan Robu, Eric Rutten.

Ctrl-A participates in the ANR project (in the ANR call : AI computing hardware architectures and accelerators in the context of Edge Computing) called Radyal Resource-Aware DYnamically Adaptable machine Learning, in cooperation with INSA Lyon / LIRIS (Stefan Duffner), the TARAN team, Inria / Irisa, Rennes (Marcello Traiola), and the MODUS team, UGA / GIPSA-lab, Grenoble (Bogdan Robu).

We will work on the analysis of self-adaptationreconfiguration spaces in the dimensions of Application (DNN algorithms), environment (applicative aspects e.g., lighting, obstruction in image analysis), and infrastructure and implementation configuration and deployment (involving hardware with reconfigurable precision and mapping).

11.1.1 Scientific events: organisation

11.1.2 Scientific events: selection

11.1.3 Journal

11.1.4 Invited talks

Eric Rutten has been invited at the Velvet Days, of the GDR GPL and the GT YODA, on deployment, reconfiguration, adaptation and DevOps in Nantes, 13-14 dec. 2023.

11.1.5 Research administration

Raphaël Bleuse is member of the team organizing the LIG keynotes.

Gwenaël Delaval is elected member at the Academic Council (Conseil Académique) of University Grenoble Alpes (UGA) for the Confédération Générale du Travail trade union.

Eric Rutten is a named member of the Scientific Board (Bureau Scientifique) of LIG (Lig). He co- organised the LIG workshop of axes WAX.

Eric Rutten has a mission as Correspondent for Scientific Relations between Inria Grenoble and CEA until june 2023.

11.2.1 Teaching

• R. Bleuse; computer architecture; 42h tutorials/practicals; L1; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; network architecture; 34h; L1; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; C language; 14h lectures/practicals; L2; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; application development and deployment; 30h; L2; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; network architecture; 10h tutorials/practicals; L2; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; advanced virtualization; 35h lectures/tutorials/practicals; L3; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; continuous integration; 28h lectures/tutorials/practicals; L3; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• R. Bleuse; software development automation (DevOps); 40h lectures/tutorials/practicals; L3; Univ.@ Grenoble Alpes
• Licence : G. Delaval, Bases du développement logiciel, modularité et tests, 15h lecture/tutorials, 15h lab, L2, Univ. Grenoble Alpes
• Licence : G. Delaval, Algorithmique et programmation impérative, 16h30 lab, L2, Univ. Grenoble Alpes
• Master : G. Delaval, Compilation project, 4 weeks software project tutoring, M1, Univ. Grenoble Alpes
• Master : S. Mocanu, Computer Networks and Cybersecurity, 16h class, 34h lab, M1, Grenoble-INP/ENSE3
• Master : S. Mocanu, Industriel Computer Networks, 8h class, 8h lab, niveau (M1, M2), M2, Grenoble-INP/ENSE3
• Master : S. Mocanu, Reliability, 10h class, 8h lab, M2, Grenoble-INP/ENSE3
• Master : S. Mocanu, Intrusion Detection and Defense in Depth labs, niveau M2, Grenoble-ENSE3/ENSIMAG

11.2.2 Supervision

• PhD in progress : Estelle Hotelier (CIFRE grant) ;Intrusion Detection in Complex Hybrid Industrial Systems, started April 2021; co-advised by Stéphane Mocanu with Franck Sicard and Julien Francq (Naval Group).
• PhD in progress: Mike Da Silva (CEA grant) ; Automated Risk Analysis for Industrial Systems, started October 2021; co-advised by Stéphane Mocanu with Maxime Puys and Pierre-Henri Thevenon (CEA-Leti).
• PhD completed : Quentin Guilloteau (UGA) ; An autonomic approach to the dynamic management of recources in HPC clusters ; started oct. 20 ; defended dec. 23 ; co-advised by Eric Rutten with O. Richard, Datamove team Inria/LIG.
• PhD in progress : Jolahn Vaudey (UGA),Self-reconfiguration of industrial systems applied to cyber-resilience ; started Oct. 2022 ; co-advised by Stéphane Mocanu, Gwenaël Delaval, Eric Rutten.
• PhD in progress : Kouds Halitim (Inria), Efficicient task hybridization in heterogeneous computing: practical combinations of Control and Scheduling theories ; started Nov. 2023 ; co-advised by Raphaël Bleuse, Eric Rutten, Bogdan Robu.
• PhD in progress : Lea Astrid Kenmogne Mekemte (UGA), Explainable IA for Network Intrusion Detection in Industrial Control Systems ; started Nov. 2023 ; advised by Stéphane Mocanu.

11.2.3 Juries

Eric Rutten is member of the PhD dissertation committee of Charilaos Skandylas, Linnaeus University, Sweden, August 18th 2023 : Design and Analysis of Self-Protection: Adaptive Security for Software-Intensive Systems.

Eric Rutten is member of the upcoming (2024) PhD dissertation committee of Jeroen Verbakel, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.

Eric Rutten is member of the CSI for the PhD of Paul DAOUDI (co-advised by Christophe Prieur and Bogdan Robu, Gipsa-lab).

International journals

• 12 articleE.Estelle Hotellier, F.Franck Sicard, J.Julien Francq and S.Stéphane Mocanu. Standard specification-based intrusion detection for hierarchical industrial control systems.Information Sciences659February 2024, 120102HALDOIback to text

International peer-reviewed conferences

• 13 inproceedingsS.Sophie Cerf and E.Eric Rutten. Combining neural networks and control: potentialities, patterns and perspectives.Proceedings of The 22nd World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic ControlIFAC 2023 - 22nd World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic ControlYokohama, JapanJuly 2023HALback to text
• 14 inproceedingsS.Salim Chehida, K.Karim Fellah, E.Eric Rutten, G.Guillame Giraud and S.Stéphane Mocanu. Model-based Self-adaptive Management in a Smart Grid Substation.2023 IEEE 28th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFAETFA 2023 - IEEE 28th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory AutomationSinaia, RomaniaIEEE2023, 1-8HALback to textback to text
• 15 inproceedingsM.Mike Da Silva, M.Maxime Puys, P.-H.Pierre-Henri Thevenon, S.Stéphane Mocanu and N.Nelson Nkawa. Automated ICS template for STRIDE Microsoft Threat Modeling Tool.ARES 2023 - 18th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and SecurityBenevento, ItalyAugust 2023, 1-7HALDOIback to text
• 16 inproceedingsM.Mike Da Silva, M.Maxime Puys, P.-H.Pierre-Henri Thevenon and S.Stéphane Mocanu. PLC Logic-Based Cybersecurity Risks Identification for ICS.ARES 2023 - 18th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and SecurityBenevento, ItalyAugust 2023, 1-10HALDOIback to text

National peer-reviewed Conferences

• 17 inproceedingsQ.Quentin Guilloteau, A.Adrien Faure, M.Millian Poquet and O.Olivier Richard. Comment rater la reproductibilité de ses expériences ?ComPAS 2023 Conférence francophone en informatique1-9Annecy, FranceJuly 2023, à paraîtreHALback to text

Conferences without proceedings

• 18 inproceedingsR.Raphaël Bleuse and É.Éric Rutten. Composition of Scheduling and Control Theory Techniques.JLESC 2023 - 15th Workshop Joint Laboratory for Extreme Scale ComputingBordeaux, FranceMarch 2023, 1-10HALback to text
• 19 inproceedingsE.Estelle Hotellier, F.Franck Sicard, J.Julien Francq and S.Stéphane Mocanu. Système de détection des intrusions distribué pour les systèmes industriels.RESSI 2023 - Rendez-Vous de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement de la Sécurité des Systèmes d'InformationNeuvy sur Barangeon, France2023, 1-3HALback to text

Doctoral dissertations and habilitation theses

• 20 thesisQ.Quentin Guilloteau. Control-based runtime management of HPC systems with support for reproducible experiments.Université Grenoble AlpesDecember 2023HALback to textback to textback to text

Reports & preprints

• 21 miscQ.Quentin Guilloteau, O.Olivier Richard, R.Raphaël Bleuse and E.Eric Rutten. Folding a Cluster containing a Distributed File-System.2023HALback to text
• 22 miscQ.Quentin Guilloteau. Simulating a Multi-Layered Grid Middleware.May 2023HALback to text

Other scientific publications

• 23 thesisR.Rosa Pagano. Adaptive control of HPC clusters for server overload avoidance.Politecnico MilanoMilano (I)December 2023HALback to text